View source for Timeline

The following is a brief summary of some of the major historical turning points in the Case Amber universe. '''Bolded events''' are points of divergence from the original timeline. The year 2062 is considered the "present day".

In terms of historical events, the Case Amber timeline begins to diverge in 1920, but technological and cultural progression begins to diverge in 1950. While technology marches forward, the world feels culturally and aesthetically "stuck in time".
{{horizontal TOC|nonum=yes|align=center}}

==2060s==
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| style="text-align: center;" | '''2062''' 
|  Nov || '''[[Exercise Reforc|Exercise REFORC '62]]''' || {{flagicon|ROC}} Republic of China ||{{flagicon|United States}} American and {{flagicon|Australia}} Australian military forces conduct [[Exercise Reforc|REFORC '62]] (standing for "'''RE'''turn of '''FOR'''ces to '''C'''hina, pronounced ''re-force'') to train reinforcing the {{flagicon|ROC}} Republic of China in case of war. The American forces involved include the 25th Infantry Division; 11th Airborne Division; 4th Armored Division; 1st Light Tank Destroyer Battalion, 249th Infantry (OR ARNG); Combat Command "B" (CCB), 40th Armored Division (CA ARNG); and supporting units. The Australian contingent was represented by 3rd Task Force (Armoured), 1st Division.

While not technically part of the exercise, the U.S. also deployed the 1st Battle Group, 22nd Infantry and 2nd Battle Group, 49th Infantry of the 4th Infantry Division (Mechanized) to the Republic of Vietnam, which refused to officially take part in Chinese security frameworks.
|}{{Vignette End}}

==2050s==
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| style="text-align: center;" | '''2057''' 
| Jan - Dec || '''Reduction of British Forces China''' || {{flagicon|ROC}} Republic of China ||Due to political and economic problems at home and growing tensions in Europe, the {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} United Kingdom withdraws its two rotational Armoured Brigades from the {{flagicon|ROC}} Republic of China. Following diplomatic protest from the United States, the British Army subtely re-roles 48 (Gurkha) Infantry Brigade in Hong Kong into an airmobile brigade with a [[6th Queen Elizabeth's Own Gurkha Rifles|power armor-equipped infantry battalion]] for the purpose of rapidly deploying into China and establishing an anti-tank blocking line should war break out.
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | '''2055''' 
| Aug 3 || '''[[The Munich Understanding]] Signed''' || {{flagicon|German Reich}} Munich, German Reich ||A secret treaty is signed between the German Reich, Soviet Union, and Hungary. Among its articles included plans to invade numerous countries in Central and Eastern Europe and divide them up among the signatories.
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | '''2054''' 
| Nov 11 || '''Western Union Announces Military Deployments to Poland''' || {{flagicon|Poland}} Poland ||Two of three Western Union members (France and Belgium) announce jointly with Poland that the former will begin the forward deployment of a brigade of troops to Poland in order to deter incursions from other regional powers. The United Kingdom, the third Western Union member, was caught off guard by this announcement and two weeks later announced that it would send a company group to Poland regularly and earmark a battle group for deployment in times of crisis. It's believed the snap announcement was intended by France to force the United Kingdom to increase its commitments in continental Europe, which had decreased over the decades due to austerity and expensive commitments in Asia.
|}{{Vignette End}}

==2040s==
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| style="text-align: center;" | '''2043''' 
| Oct 22 || '''GNASE Space Elevator Opened''' || {{flagicon|United States}} Lapeer County, Michigan ||The first [[Technology#Types_of_Space_Elevators|Type Four space elevator]], and consequently the first with an anchor station not near the equator or the poles, is opened as a joint project between the United States and Canada.
|}{{Vignette End}}

==2030s==
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| style="text-align: center;" | '''2037''' 
| Feb 1|| '''MacDonald-Ospanova Line Demarcated''' || {{flagicon|United States}} Washington, D.C. || The United States and Soviet Union announce that they will ban all civilian space travel beyond Mars. This boundary is colloquially referred to as the MacDonald-Ospanova Line in the press. The Western and Central European powers protest, but do not have their own means of colonizing space beyond Luna en masse. The United States will later limit NASA's jurisdiction to as far as Mars and criminalize commercial activities beyond Mars except for those contracted by the Department of Defense. Protocols are established between the United States and Soviet Union to monitor space military forces beyond Luna, but the details of these protocols are classified to the public.
|-
| style="text-align: center;" rowspan="2"| '''2036''' 
| Sep 17|| '''MacDonald-Ospanova Talks Announced''' || {{flagicon|United States}} Washington, D.C. / {{flagicon|Soviet Union}} Moscow || The United States and Soviet Union jointly announce that they will hold bilateral talks in Washington, D.C. on the topic of extramartian space travel. They cite limiting danger to civilians and regulating the militarization of space as purposes for the talks.
|-
| Sep 2|| '''Spearhead 8 Probe Lost''' || Translunar Space || The U.S. Air Force's Spearhead 8 probe that was returning to Earth from a mission to Saturn to collect samples and gather imagery was lost in translunar space. Details of the loss of the probe were classified. Two civilian employees on the Ravern L1 lunar space elevator report having seen interceptors fire from one of the USAF's defense batteries in lunar orbit, but such reports are unsubstantiated.
|}{{Vignette End}}

==2020s==
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| style="text-align: center;" rowspan= "3" | '''2024''' 
| July 4 || '''The Ares Program Announced''' || {{flagicon|United States}} Washington, D.C. ||The United States government announces the Ares Program as its next space program. It was to be focused on exploring and developing areas of the solar system beyond Mars. Unlike previous space programs, which were administered by NASA (a civilian agency), the Ares Program was a program of the Department of Defense. 
|-
| Feb 9 || '''US-European Cooperation on Interplanetary Exploration Ends''' || {{flagicon|United States}} Washington, D.C. ||The United States cancels the joint American-British-French mission to Europa (Ceres 3) and ends the Ceres Program.
|-
| Feb 7 || '''Ceres 2 Returns from Jupiter''' || Pacific Ocean ||The Ceres 2 mission, the first manned mission to orbit Jupiter and the longest manned space mission at the time, returns to Earth.
|}{{Vignette End}}

==1990s==
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| style="text-align: center;" | '''1995''' 
| April 4 || '''Novozvezdan ASSR Established''' || {{flagicon|Soviet Union}} [[Novozvezda]], Luna ||The [[Novozvezda|Novozvezdan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (ASSR), aka Soviet Luna, is formally established with the city of Zhukovsky in {{wpl|Mare Moscoviense}} as its capital.
|}{{Vignette End}}

==1970s==
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| style="text-align: center;" | '''1976''' 
| Jan 1 || '''US Electricity Becomes 51% Nuclear''' || {{flagicon|United States}} United States ||Nuclear power becomes the majority of electricity production in the United States six years after surpassing coal as its single largest electricity generation source.
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | '''1974''' 
| Dec 30 || '''Zvezda Moonbase Established''' || {{flagicon|Soviet Union}} Zvezda, Luna ||The Soviet Union's first continuously inhabited outpost on Luna is established.
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| style="text-align: center;" | '''1973''' 
| June 13 || '''Algeria Gains Independence''' || {{flagicon|France}} French Algeria ||Algeria gains independence from France after a prolonged civil war.
|}{{Vignette End}}

==1960s==
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| style="text-align: center;" | '''1964''' 
| April 29 || '''First Practical [[Power armored infantry|Power Armor]] Operationally Deployed''' || {{flagicon|France}} France ||The first practical model of power armor for infantry was deployed with units for the first time by the French Army. These were operated by specialist infantry battalions and cavalry regiments of the ''cuirassiers à pied'', before they were wholly transferred to the infantry's ''[[Blindés à pied]]'' in 1973.
|}{{Vignette End}}

==1940s==
{| class="wikitable" border="1" border-color:#33291b; width:100%; border-color:white;" 
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| style="text-align: center;" rowspan="2" | '''1948''' 
| August 14 || '''Intermarium Formed''' || {{flagicon|Poland}} Warsaw, Poland || A defense alliance between Poland, Czechoslovakia, Romania and Yugoslavia is formed in response to the Soviet invasion of the Baltic states. It is aimed at deterring the Soviet Union and the increasingly revanchist Germany and Hungary.
|-
| July 2 || '''Soviet Occupation of the Baltics''' || Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania || The Soviet Union invades the Baltic states. They were incorporated as constituent republics of the USSR the next month.
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | '''1947''' 
| Dec 1 || '''Vietnam Becomes a Trust Territory''' || {{flagicon|France}} French Indochina || Vietnam (a unification of the French Indochinese territories of Cochinchina, Annam and Tonkin) becomes a UN Trust Territory under administration by the United States. The U.S. and Republic of China had invaded Japanese-occupied Tonkin and Annam during the Pacific War. Roosevelt had begun drafting plans for Indochina to be placed under an international trusteeship as early as the first half of 1942.<ref>Bradley, M.P. and Gaddis, J.L. (2003) ''[https://amzn.to/40aHCK4 Imagining Vietnam and America: The Making of Postcolonial Vietnam, 1919-1950]''. United States: The University of North Carolina Press. Everand Edition. p. 135. </ref> Trusteeship followed heated debate pushed by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the strengthening of the working alliance between the U.S. and Viet Minh, and the continued stationing of U.S. troops in Indochina even after the surrender of Japan. However, Laos (which was occupied by the British from 1943 rather than the Americans) and Cambodia (which was held by isolated Japanese forces throughout the war and reoccupied by France post-war) remained as components of French Indochina until 1967.

The American push for decolonization of Indochina and the Far East in general is seen as a defining moment when European Allies began to perceive the U.S. as not only an unreliable partner, but a potential political adversary. It is commonly held in France that the decolonization of Indochina was against the French government's consent and was largely the result of American strongarming. While the fervent American push from trusteeship was partially the result of Roosevelt's own personal distaste for French administration and European colonialism, some American academics make the case that returning control of Vietnam to France would have complicated the security picture in Southeast Asia. It would have reinserted a colonial power that could not be controlled on the Republic of China's southern border, likely have resulted in the termination of U.S. military basing rights in Northern Vietnam, and put the U.S. at risk of becoming intertwined with European security. Just as Vietnam was feared to act as a Japanese staging area for southward expansion during the interwar<ref>Bradley, M.P. and Gaddis, J.L. (2003) ''[https://amzn.to/40aHCK4 Imagining Vietnam and America: The Making of Postcolonial Vietnam, 1919-1950]''. United States: The University of North Carolina Press. Everand Edition. p. 134.</ref>, it was believed that an unsecure Vietnam free to eventually rebel against the French would become a stepping stone for communist expansion and lead to the U.S. being cut off from Southeast Asia during war.

Many historians believe that unfavorable decolonization in the Far East led to France's spirited fight to retain its remaining Asian holdings (including Cambodia and Laos) into the 1960s and its African holdings into the 1970s despite international pressure, growing casualties, and unrest at home. France further refused to cooperate with the U.S. and U.K. in supporting the Chinese security framework. It also firmly cemented the U.S.'s withdrawal from Continental European affairs and its engagement in the Indo-Pacific.
|-
| style="text-align: center;" rowspan="6" | '''1946''' 
| July 10 || '''Pacific War Ends''' || {{flagicon|Japan}} Japan || Emperor Hirohito announces the surrender of Japan in a radio broadcast ending the Pacific War.
|-
| rowspan="2" | July 4 || Philippines Gains Independence|| {{flagicon|Philippines}} Philippines || The Philippines gains independence from the {{flagicon|United States}} United States as scheduled by the Tydings–McDuffie Act.
|-
| '''Second Atomic Bombing of Japan''' || {{flagicon|Japan}} Japan || The {{flagicon|United States}} United States drops a second atomic bomb on Japan, this time at Kokura.
|-
| June 30 || '''First Atomic Bombing of Japan''' || {{flagicon|Japan}} Japan || The {{flagicon|United States}} United States drops an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan, the first ever use of a nuclear weapon in combat. This was carried out by a B-29 bomber launched from Taizhou, Zhejiang province.
|-
| June 12 || '''Allied Troops Reach Yangtze River''' || {{flagicon|ROC}} China || American, British Indian, and Australian troops reach the Yangtze River, linking up with U.S. Army Rangers and British Army Commandos. The Chinese National Revolutionary Army enter the city of Shanghai first, which was still occupied by the Shanghai Special Naval Landing Forces. Nanjing is still occupied by a large Japanese Army force and the U.S. 92nd Infantry Division and 44th Indian Airborne Division encounter stiff resistance.
|-
| May 1 || '''Battle of Okinawa Begins''' || {{flagicon|Japan}} Japan || The U.S. 2nd Marine, 6th Marine, 7th Infantry, 27th Infantry, and 29th Infantry Divisions land on Okinawa. 
|-
| style="text-align: center;" rowspan="1" | '''1945''' || April 10 || '''Operation Titan''' || {{flagicon|ROC}} China || With the Imperial Japanese Navy out of play, Allied forces commence an offensive in Southern China aimed at severing the Japanese Army's overland route to Southeast Asia and enabling future operations to liberate Northern China. This operation involved ground attacks via the Burma Road, parachute and glider landings to capture recapture lost USAF air bases for further airlanding movements to bypass Southern China's poor road infrastructure, and amphibious landings near Hong Kong.
|-
| style="text-align: center;" rowspan="1" | '''1944''' || June 9 || Operation Ichi-Go || {{flagicon|ROC}} China ||Faced with a worsening situation in Burma and Indochina and significant Allied gains in the Central and South Pacific, the Japanese launch an operation to link its forces in Northern China to Southeast Asia via a rail corridor.
|-
| style="text-align: center;" rowspan="2" | '''1943''' || May 6-21 || '''Second Battle of Midway''' || Midway, North Pacific ||After a decisive naval engagement, the U.S. 25th Infantry Division (-) seizes Midway from the Japanese occupation force.
|-
| April 1 || '''Indochina Campaign''' || Southern Vietnam || The Indochina Campaign begins. The U.S. 1st Marine, 2nd Marine, 1st Infantry, and 45th Infantry Divisions make amphibious landings in Southern Vietnam, while Commonwealth forces simultaneously make amphibious landings in Southern Cambodia. It and the Burma campaign will last until the end of the war.
|-
| style="text-align: center;" rowspan="6" | '''1942''' 
| June 3 || Aleutian Islands Campaign Begins || {{flagicon|United States}} Aleutian Islands, Alaska ||The Japanese begin their attack on Alaska simultaneously with the Battle of Midway.
|-
| June 3–7 || '''First Battle of Midway''' || Midway, North Pacific ||The Imperial Japanese Navy sinks the USS ''Hornet'' and severely damages the USS ''Enterprise''. The Japanese occupation force lands on Midway. This effectively delayed offensive naval operations from the U.S. Navy in the Central and South Pacific until 1943 when carrier losses could be replaced.
|-
| May 4–8 || '''Battle of the Coral Sea''' || Coral Sea, South Pacific ||The first naval battle between fleets fought purely by carrier aircraft. After extreme damage the U.S. Navy is forced to scuttle the USS ''Lexington'' and USS ''Yorktown''. The Japanese light carrier ''Shōhō'' was sank and the fleet carrier ''Shōkaku'' was damaged.
|-
| Feb 10 || Chiang Kai-Shek Meets with Mahatma Gandhi || {{flagicon|British Raj}} British Raj ||Chinese Generalissimo Chiang Kai-Shek and First Lady Soong Mei-ling visit British India and are hosted by Mahatma Gandhi. Gandhi assures the Chiangs that the Allies will never treat China as an equal. Following, Chiang petitions U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt to mediate in an attempt to pressure the British into accepting the demands of Gandhi's Congress Party.<ref>Sebrega, J., ''The Anticolonial Policies of Franklin D. Roosevelt: A Reappraisal'', Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 101, No. 1 (1986), p. 67. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2151444?seq=3 JSTOR]</ref>. Britain tells the U.S. to mind its own affairs.
|-
| Feb 5 || '''First American Troops Arrive in India''' || {{flagicon|British Raj}} British Raj || 5,000 American troops, mostly from the 34th Infantry Division (ARNG) arrive in Bombay via the Suez Canal. They were to prepare for a further influx of American troops for future operations in defense of the {{wpl|Burma Road}} to China. Private First Class Milburn H. Henke, Company B, 133rd Infantry Regiment was selected as the first American soldier to set foot on India during the Pacific War.
|-
| Feb 2 || '''Germany Declares War on Japan''' || {{flagicon|German Reich}} German Reich || Germany's Conservative President with approval from the Centre-Right coalition in the Reichstag and following talks with France and the UK declares war on Japan. This was in a bid to demonstrate Germany as acting in good faith, have the limits on its military imposed by the Treaty of Versailles ''de jure'' lifted (although German had already begun conscription again in 1936), and (unbeknownst to the UK and France) reclaim old German colonies in the Pacific lost after World War I.
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | '''1941''' 
| Dec 7 || '''Japan Attacks Pearl Harbor''' || {{flagicon|United States}} Hawaii || The Japanese Kido Butai strikes the U.S. Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor in an attempt to give it the best possible chance to win a confrontation with the U.S. It simulatenously attacks the Philippines, Guam, Wake Island, French Indochina, Malaya, Singapore, and Hong Kong.
|}{{Vignette End}}

==1930s==
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| style="text-align: center;" | '''1938''' 
| Dec 1 || '''[[War Plan Amber]] Formalized''' || {{flagicon|United States}} United States || President Franklin Roosevelt directs the War Department to draft a contingency should the Japanese destroy significant portions of the U.S. Pacific Fleet and the U.S. must fight them in China via the British Raj. The plan would be a backup to War Plan Orange, which might have to be delayed if the U.S. Navy is unable to conduct offensive operations in the Central Pacific. The War Department chooses to further develop [[War Plan Amber]], which had its beginnings following the Nanjing Massacre in 1937.
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | '''1937''' 
| July 7 || '''Second Sino-Japanese War Begins''' || {{flagicon|ROC}} China || 
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | '''1935''' 
| Aug 1 || '''1935 Reichstag Bombing''' || {{flagicon|German Reich}} German Reich || The nationalist paramilitary and veterans organization Der Stahlhelm bombs the Reichstag in an attempt to overthrow the Weimar government. The violence ultimately does not achieve its goal. After militants were suppressed by government forces, extreme elements of the monarchist German National People's Party (DNVP) were implicated. It was argued that the some DNVP leaders approved the attack in response to the in response to the SPD-Centre Grand Coalition's abnormally stable government (3 years to that point). This caused the Conservative People's Party (KVP) to rapidly grow in membership as the moderate wing of the DNVP jumped ship. Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck was installed as KVP chairman to instill public confidence, as the monarchist cause was then associated with terrorists. The KVP would form a coalition with the Centre Party as a junior partner to unseat Otto Wels' SPD government in the 1936 federal election.

The Reichstag bombing coincided with the pan-Germanic nationalist putsch in Austria, which was successfully suppressed by the Fatherland Front with diplomatic support from Fascist Italy, France and Germany.
|-
| style="text-align: center;" rowspan="2"| '''1932''' 
| July 31 || '''1932 German federal election''' || {{flagicon|German Reich}} German Reich || The SPD-Centre Grand Coalition (SPD–Z–DDP–BVP) unseats the DNVP's Nationalist Coalition (DNVP—DStB—DDP—BVP). Otto Wels (SPD) becomes Chancellor of Germany. Center-left moderates capitalized on the failures of the DNVP's pro-elite response to the Great Depression and major tensions caused by rightist paramilitaries briefly but very publicly reoccupying the Rhineland half a year after France left.
|-
| Mar 13 / Apr 10 || '''1932 German presidential election''' || {{flagicon|German Reich}} German Reich || Joseph Wirth (Centre) is elected President of Germany. To ensure the defeat of the DNVP candidate, the SPD agreed to support the Centre Party on the second ballot provided it was an agreeable candidate like Wirth.
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | '''1931''' 
| 4 Jan || '''Paramilitaries Reoccupy the Rhineland''' || {{flagicon|German Reich}} German Reich || Less than 6 months after France withdrew from the Rhineland, armed nationalist paramilitary groups reoccupied it. This was desperate bid to stoke nationalist sentiments.  While denied by Hugenberg’s DNVP government, it was an open secret that the DNVP had financed the operation (possibly with Hugenerg's personal funds). Nationalist commentators stoked hype that soon it would be the military following in their steps. It was known to France and the UK that the paramilitaries were being used as proxies for official state action. 

The reoccupation was heavily opposed by Centre and SPD due to causing a massive international incident and showing Germany to be acting in bad faith. It was opposed by the military due to the generals knowing they weren’t ready for a war with France, and it threatened their plans to remilitarize in the late 1930s to challenge Poland. After a stand-off and threats from the French to invade the Rhineland once more, the DNVP government secretly called back their mercenaries and denied involvement. The incident was seen by the public as an embarrassment. 
|}{{Vignette End}}

==1920s==
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!style="text-align: center; background-color:#ff7e01; color:black;font-size:110%;font-family:Share Tech Mono;" width="14%"| Event
!style="text-align: center; background-color:#ff7e01; color:black;font-size:110%;font-family:Share Tech Mono;" width="15%"| Location
!style="text-align: center; background-color:#ff7e01; color:black;font-size:110%;font-family:Share Tech Mono;"| Context
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | '''1929''' 
| Oct 24 / Oct 29 || Wall Street Market Crash || {{flagicon|United States}} United States || The New York Stock Exchange in the United States suffers a market crash, contributing to the beginning of the Great Depression.
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | '''1923''' 
| Nov 8-9 || '''Beer Hall Putsch''' || {{flagicon|German Reich}} German Reich || The Kampfbund attempt to seize Munich is violently suppressed by Bavarian police. NSDAP leader Adolf Hitler was shot and killed. The Nazi Party was banned, although other rightist militant groups (primarily focused on restoring the monarchy) replaced it.
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | '''1922''' 
| June 24 || '''Attempted assassination of {{wpl|Walther Rathenau}}''' || {{flagicon|German Reich}} German Reich ||Erwin Kern, Hermann Fischer, and Ernst Techow attempt to murder German Foreign Minister Walther Rathenau on the orders of Hermann Ehrhardt, but are shot dead in the attempt. Rathenau escapes with moderate injuries from a grenade blast outside his car. While Rathenau normally sent away his guard because he did not like having shadows spying on him and disturbing his guests<ref>Felix, D., ''[https://amzn.to/406rSb4 Walther Rathenau and the Weimar Republic: The Politics of Reparations]'', (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1971), p. 168-169. [https://archive.org/details/waltherrathenauw00feli/mode/2up Internet Archive Books],</ref> this time two were with him at the insistence of Chancellor Wirth and a plain clothes police officer guarding his villa was also present. Rathenau's speech before the Reichstag on bandaged and on crutches preached unity and moderation among the left.
|}{{Vignette End}}
==Notes==
<references />
[[Category:History]]